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Greenland - the Land of Ice and Snow - Question and Answer

Table of Contant
Greenland - the Land of Ice and Snow - Question and Answer

New Words to Know


Harpoon : A sharp spear with a long rope attached to it
Sledge : A vehicle mounted on runners drawn by animals like dogs, and used for travelling or for conveying loads over snow, ice etc.

Remember these Points:


➧ Greenland is the largest island in the world. It lies in the Frigid Zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
➧ The total population of Greenland is about 57,000.
Nuuk is the capital of Greenland.
➧ Greenland is very cold throughout the year. The sun is not seen for weeks during winters. The weather is bright and sunny during summers.
➧ The animals found here are polar bear, Arctic fox, reindeer, walrus, sea lion and husky. A variety of fish and seabirds is also found here.
➧ The natives of this land are called Eskimos or Inuits. They live in igloos and survive by hunting and gathering food.
Some places of Greenland are now connected with the cities of Europe and America by air.
➧ Over the years, the lifestyle of Greenlanders has changed a lot. Science and technology has made this possible and helped the people of Greenland to connect with the rest of the world.

EXERCISE


Tick (✔) the correct answer.


1. Which zone does Greenland come under?


a. Torrid Zone     b. Temperate Zone    c. Frigid Zone [✓]

2. Which explorer gave Greenland its name?


a. Eric the Red [✓]     b. Eric the Blue    c. Eric the Orange

3. The capital of Greenland is -


a. Thule        b. Nuuk [✓]         c. Holsteinsborg

4. The original inhabitants of Greenland call it -


a. Nunaat        b. Kalaallit Nunaat     [✓]     c. Kalahans

Fill in the blanks.


1. The natives of Greenland are called Inuit or Kalaallit.
2. Greenland covers an area of about 21.5 lakh sq. km.
3. Over two-thirds part of the country is located north of the Arctic Circle.
4. 80 percent of Greenland is permanently covered with ice and snow.
5. The total population of Greenland is about 57000.

Short answer questions.


Name the largest island of the world.


Greenland is the largest island of the world.

Between which oceans does it lie?

Greenland lies between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean.

In which part of Greenland does the midnight sun arrive first?

The midnight sun arrives first in Greenland northernmost town like upernavik, Qaanaaq and Uummannaq.

What kind of vegetation grows there?

Due to extreme cold, only some kinds of plants grow in Greenland! The plants growing here are lichens, bushes, mosses and grasses.

Name any four animals found in Greenland.


Any four animals that are found in Greenland are Polar bear, Arctic fox, walrus and sea lion.

Answer the following questions.


Describe the climate of Greenland.


The climate of Greenland is very cold throughout the year. For nine to ten months, it is extremely cold, these are winter months. During these months, the sun never rises above the horizon. Darkness and cold are the main features of Greenland during these months. However, in summer there is continuous daylight. The summer lasts only two or three months. Precipitation mainly occurs in the form of light snow. Strong cold polar winds blow throughout the year and can lead to frostbite.

Write what you know about Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights.


Aurora - A luminous phenomenon seen in the sky at night in the high latitudes. It may be visible ores of light or as coloured curtains, streamers and rays. It is known as the Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights in The Northern Hemisphere and Aurora Australis or Southern Lights in the Southern Hemisphere. The auroras are produced by the electrically charged particles from the Sun. These charged particles are captured by earth's magnetic field at heights of about 100 km.

What do you know about the vegetation and wildlife of Greenland?


Due to extreme cold, only a few kinds of plants grow in Greenland, such as lichens, bushes, grasses, and mosses. These plants are food for animals. There are no forests, so wood is imported for making things like boats and sledges. Wildlife includes animals with thick fur or fat layers, like polar bears, Arctic foxes, musk oxen, seals, walruses, caribou, reindeer, huskies, and sea lions. Huskies pull sledges and help hunt. Many fish and sea birds live here too.

Write about the life of the people who live in this island.

The original inhabitants of Greenland are the Inuits or Eskimos. They are short and stout with narrow eyes, high cheekbones, and yellowish-brown skin. They lead hard lives, hunting seals, whales, walruses, and fish for meat, skin, and fat. They use harpoons and rifles for hunting. Inuits wear heavy, furry clothes made from animal skins. Their boots are waterproof and made from seal skin. They live in igloos made of ice, stone, or animal skin. In summer, they live in skin tents called tou pigs.

What is an igloo? How is it made?


An igloo is a house made by the Inuits. In winter, it is built with thick blocks of ice in a dome shape. It has a single, low door and the floor is covered with animal skin. The fat of seals or whales is burned for fuel. In summer, Inuits make skin tents called tou pigs. Igloos keep people warm in the extreme cold by using the insulating properties of ice.

Why does the midnight Sun occur?


The midnight Sun occurs due to the tilted axis of the earth. In summer the axis is tilted towards the Sun and in winter it is away from the Sun. Thus the poles are exposed to the Sun's rays for six months each. This tilting of earth's axis together with the revolution of earth around the Sun also causes the seasons.

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