Amenities : Facilities that make our life comfortable. Utility services : Services provided to the general public. Sewage : The waste matter that passes through sewers. Drainage : The drain system that collects the waste water thrown out of houses and factories. Toll tax : A tax paid by us for crossing a bridge or a road.
Remember this Points
+ There are three levels of government in our country-central, state and local self- government. + It is the responsibility of the local self-government to provide civic amenities in villages, towns and cities. + The village local self-government is known as gram panchayat. + The local self-government of cities and towns is called municipality or municipal corporation. + The local self-government of big cities like Delhi and Kolkata is called municipal corporation. + The members of the gram panchayat and other local self-governments are elected by the people.
EXERCISE
Tick (✓) the correct answer
1. The Indian government works at- a. four levels[box] b. two levels [box]c. three levels[tikbox] 2. The Central government of India works from a. Mumbai[box] b. New Delhi [tikbox]c. Kolkata 3. A gram panchayat works in - a. Towns [box]b. Cities[box] c. villages[tikbox]
Short answer questions.
1. What is a civic amenity?
Civic amenity is a facility that make our life comfortable, provided by our government.
2. Name all the levels of the Indian government.
There are three levels of government in our country - Central, State and local self government.
3. Who is the sarpanch?
The head of the panchayat is called Sarpanch.
4. Who are municipal councillors?
The elected members of municipalities or municipal corporations are called municipal Councillors.
Answer the following questions.
1. What is a gram panchayat? How is it elected?
The village local self government is known as gram panchayat.
Members of the gram panchayat are elected for a period of five years by the villagers who are 18 years of age or above.
2. Write a few sentences about state governments.
Each state has its own state government. A state government takes all the major decisions of its state related to law and order, education, health etc. In our country it is the second level of government.
3. How are a sarpanch and a mayor elected?
The elected members of a panchayat elect a head amongst themselves who is called sarpanch. The elected members of a municipal corporation elect a head amongst themselves who is called mayor.
4. What are the functions of municipal corporations and municipalities?
Given below are the functions of municipal corporations and municipalities -
i) Supply of clean drinking water. ii) Safe disposal of garbage and sewage. iii) Maintenance of drainage system. iv) To issue birth and death certificates. v) To issue ration cards and provide food and kerosene at fair price shops.
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